Function/S of Space in Sandra Cisneros’ the House on Mango Street

Capacity/s of Space in Sandra Cisneros’ The House on Mango Street Space involves a focal job in Sandra Cisneros’ transitioning novel The House on Mango Street. Utilizing the case of the house shows this doubtlessly. This can be seen at the earliest reference point of the book, specifically the title. In spite of the fact that it is a female Bildungsroman, the novel isn't named after its hero Esperanza Cordero, however her living arrangement. It shows that Cisneros appended a lot of significance to the house on Mango Street and the peruser likewise discovers that it is of focal noteworthiness for the advancement of the little youngster. On Mango Street, she creates truly, yet additionally as far as her character and her own personality. That is the reason I will focus on the capacity of the house as opposed to on other various settings in the novel. For the most part, the house is an image for warmth and asylum. It speaks to the spot of the family and where one has a place with. In any case, the primary sentence of the underlying vignette appears, this doesn't make a difference to the house on Mango Street. Esperanza’s family has been continually progressing and they lived in a few condos in various urban areas. The sentiment of being established along these lines never existed, similarly as meager as the sentiment of solace. For Esperanza, the house on Mango Street doesn't represent cover, however disgrace. In the main vignette Esperanza portrays the family’s house in a negative manner, run down and with squeezed limits. It is neither â€Å"[†¦] the house Papa discussed when he held a lottery ticket [†¦]†, nor â€Å"[†¦] the house Mama devised in the narratives she let us know before we headed to sleep. † (Cisneros 4). The house on Mango Street is finally their own, yet not the one Esperanza and her family have ached for. It represents â€Å"[t]he struggle between the guaranteed land and the brutal reality† (Valdes â€Å"Canadian Review† 57). Particularly for Esperanza, who is in journey of her own character, reality and expectation (Spanish: esperanza) veer here, which implies that Esperanza has not discovered her own existence yet. She wishes to have â€Å"[a] genuine house. One I could highlight. † (Cisneros 5). This craving shows that the house likewise represents the â€Å"American Dream† of having an agreeable home of one’s own, something the individuals of Esperanza’s people group will presumably never accomplish. Esperanza encounters that rather, they are regularly stood up to with the way that the house additionally works as an image of female limitation. This demonstrates the given customary job of a Chicana, whose business focuses on the family unit and on being spouse and mother. In the novel, female limitation is additionally delineated in a progressively outrageous manner: Several ladies like Marin and Rafaela are confined genuinely on the grounds that they are bolted inside by their spouses. Esperanza unmistakably emerges as an opponent of such a male-ruled home. Despite the fact that she isn't sure what her identity is and still scans for her own character, she unmistakably comprehends what she needs: a house completely all alone, â€Å"Not a man’s house. Not a daddy’s. A house all my own. † (Cisneros 108). As indicated by that, having her own home represents her yearning for a self-decided space as an autonomous lady, in which she can be liberated to act naturally, unconfined by either a spouse or a dad and with no social desires. There is something, Esperanza didn’t acknowledge yet: the reality â€Å"[†¦] that the house she looks for is, as a general rule, her individual. (Valdes â€Å"Canadian Review† 58). Consequently, the house capacities as a similitude for Esperanza’s character arrangement. Aside from its significance for self-recognizable proof, the picture of the house capacities as a synecdoche: it is a piece of the network, a position of one’s own in the midst of the entire ne twork and barrio. By connecting with the network, which means correspondence and perception, Esperanza discovers that she can just characterize herself through her relationship to the others of her locale. She orientates herself by some positive good examples like Aunt Lupe or Minerva, however she likewise removes herself from Sally or the â€Å"women sitting by the window† like her incredible grandma or Mamacita. By and by, Esperanza learns through their experience. This shows Esperanza’s capacity to recognize the distinctive good examples. She perceives that she wouldn't like to be a duplicate of someone and this is the reason she sees others similarly as incomplete good examples. The social collaboration with the network really is of absolute significance for Esperanza’s character arrangement. The way that she characterizes herself through individuals she lives with shows the nearby cooperation among network and Individual. The house represents the network since it is a piece of it and along these lines capacities as a synecdoche: standards master toto †the term â€Å"community† is supplanted by a smaller one, in this way the â€Å"house†. This additionally works the other way around, totum genius parte implies here that the house is utilized to speak to the network. For Esperanza, the connection among individual and network is a common one. She perceives that there is a great deal she learned and experienced while living in the house on Mango Street and in the ommunity. Toward the finish of the novel, both what the three sisters and Alicia state to her â€Å"[†¦] actuate Esperanza to recognize her obligation to the network and her job as go between and arbitrator between universes. † (Rukwied 63). So she chooses to give something back, to he lp other people with her experience. In the vignette â€Å"Bums in the Attic† she states: One day I’ll own my own home, yet I won’t overlook who I am or where I originated from. Passing bums will ask, Can I come in? I’ll offer them the loft, request that they remain, in light of the fact that I know how it is to be without a house. Cisneros 87) Esperanza shows extraordinary compassion toward others who are, by certain methods or other, lost like she was while pondering what her identity is. She depicts this state with the word â€Å"homeless† (Cisneros 87). Having no home methods having no house or loft. Also, as I contended previously, the house is simply the focal representation recognizable proof. At long last, Esperanza at last discovers her voice by starting with composing. She currently has an away from of how her guaranteed house ought to be: â€Å"Only a house calm as day off, space for myself to go, spotless as paper before the sonnet. (C isneros 108). This is another method of contributing something to the network: she expounds on it. As I contended, the house is of focal significance in The House on Mango Street. Esperenza first will not acknowledge that she has a place with Mango Street and in this manner to the entire network. In any case, at long last she perceives that it was there her character completely created in light of the fact that our condition consistently shapes our personality. I concentrated on the capacity of the house, yet there are further explanations behind the significance of room by and large. As I would like to think, one of them is â€Å"highly visible† for sure: The way that Sandra Cisneros left a ton of room on the pages of the novel. In section 7 for instance, there is both recto and verso in an enormous part unprinted. Works Cited List: Cisneros, Sandra. The House on Mango Street. New York: Vintage Books, 1991. McCracken, Ellen. â€Å"The House on Mango Street: Community-situated Introspection and the Demystification of Patriarchal Violence. † In: Horno-Delgado, Asuncion et al (eds). Breaking Boundaries: Latina Writing and Critical Readings. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 1989. 7-71. Rukwied, Annette L. The quest for personality in two Chicana books : Sandra Cisneros' The house on Mango Street and Ana Castillo's the mixquiahuala letters. Stuttgart: Universitat, Magisterarbeit, 1998. Valdes, Maria Elena de: â€Å"In Search of Identity in Cisneros’s The House on Mango Street†, Canadian Review of American Studies, Vol. 23, No. 1, Fall 1992. 55-69. Valdes, Maria Elena de. â€Å"The Critical Reception of Sandra Cisneros' The House on Mango Street. † Gender, Self, and Society. Ed. Renate von Bardeleben. Frankfurt: Peter Lang, 1993. 287-300. (7. 01. 2008) (7. 01. 2008)

Coke vs. Pepsi in the 1990s free essay sample

Sodas are more affordable to the shopper than these substitute items. Purchaser Propensity to Substitute Buyer penchant to substitute is low because of the authoritative connections between the soda organizations and the wholesalers. Be that as it may, different refreshments, from filtered water to teas, turned out to be increasingly well known, particularly during the 1980s and 1990s. Coke and Pepsi reacted by extending their contributions, through partnerships (e. g. Coke and Nestea). Providers Suppliers have less haggling power: The essential elements of soda pops are sugar and bundling, which have numerous substitutes. For example, sugar can be supplanted by corn syrup or different sugars, and bundling can be prepared utilizing glass, plastic or metal jars. Every one of these products exist in abundance in the market and are given by a few providers Supplier fixation Supplier focus is low because of the way that the principle fixings are sugar (stick and beet), water, different synthetic concoctions, and aluminum jars, plastic and glass bottles. Separation of Inputs Sugar is usually accessible while Nutrasweet is protected. There is no separation for sugar and just a single decision in Nutrasweet. To the extent different synthetic compounds and information sources, they are ware things, and it doesn't make a difference who supplies them. This causes providers to have little control over the soda pop industry. Purchasers Different degrees of bartering power exist among the gatherings of purchasers: The retail channels essentially incorporate food stores, comfort stores, wellspring outlets, and distributing. Distributing is the most gainful appropriation channels for the soda business. Concentrate Producers can sell their items straightforwardly to shoppers by means of candy machines where there is no purchaser bartering power. Purchaser Concentration versus Industry Concentration Buyers for the soda business are individuals from a huge system of bottlers and wholesalers that speak to the major soda organizations at the neighborhood level. Merchants buy the completed, bundled item from the soda pop organizations while bottlers buy the significant fixings. With the solidification that has happened inside the business, there is little contrast between the two. Purchaser Information Distributors are extremely educated about the item that they are appropriating. Markets, the essential client for soda pop creators, were an exceptionally divided industry. Stores didn't have a lot of dealing power. Their solitary force was authority over premium rack space, which could be apportioned to Coke or Pepsi items. This force gave them some power over soda pop productivity. Besides, purchasers expected to pay less through this channel, so costs were lower, coming about in to some degree lower benefit. New Entrants: Strong hindrances to new participants in the soda pop industry: It is exceptionally hard to another Concentrate Producer to enter the market. Coke and Pepsi are the primary movers in the business and have over 100 years of presence in the market. They have both kept their recipe as a competitive advantage and manufactured a solid brand picture. It is likewise hard for another bottler to enter the CSD business due the measure of capital speculation required, the association that exists between concentrate makers and bottlers, the eliteness of domains in which bottlers disseminate items, and the entrance to retail channels, with which Coke and Pepsi supported good and long haul connections. Economies of Scale Size is a significant factor in diminishing working costs and having the option to make key capital expenses. By uniting the divided packaging side of the business, working costs might be spread over a bigger deals base, which lessens the per-case cost of creation. Capital Requirements The necessities inside this industry are high. Creation and dissemination frameworks are broad and important to contend with the business chiefs. The extent of these consumptions makes this be a high boundary to passage. Restrictive Product Differences Each firm has brands that are special in bundling and picture, anyway any of the item contrasts that may create are effortlessly copied. In any case, mystery equations do make a distinction or positive attitude that can't be copied. Outright Cost Advantage Brands do have mystery recipes, which makes them exceptional and new passage into the business troublesome. New items must stay outside of licensed zones however these distinctions can be slight. This prompts the end that the total cost advantage is a low boundary inside this industry. Brand Identity This is a solid power inside the business. It requires some investment to build up a brand that has acknowledgment and client dedication. An all around perceived brand will cultivate client steadfastness and makes the open door for genuine piece of the overall industry development, value adaptability, or more normal gainfulness. This is a high obstruction to passage. Access to Distribution is a basic achievement factor inside the business. Without the system, the item can't get to the last shopper. The best soda pop makers are forcefully growing their appropriation channels and merging the autonomous packaging and conveyance focuses. All in all, an industry examination by Porter’s Five Forces uncovers that the soda pop industry in 1994 was good for positive monetary productivity, as prove in companies’ budgetary results. 2. How has the opposition among Coke and Pepsi influenced the concentrate benefits? Plainly both of the business chiefs have various procedures undoubtedly. Coca-Cola overwhelms the business in deals volume and piece of the overall industry yet it isn't the equivalent on the off chance that we talk about creative showcasing and business procedure endeavors. Pepsi produces 70 percent of its incomes from the U. S. , while Coca-Cola produces 71 percent of its from worldwide markets. Pepsi gets 41 percent of its complete incomes from sodas and the staying 59 percent originate from its tidbit and food business. Coke instaed gets the entirety of its incomes from its soda pops. Both have lemon-lime, citrus, root brew, and cola flavors. The moderately low degree of assorted variety makes the soda business ugly for speculation. Rivalry among Coke and Pepsi influenced the concentrate benefits due the accompanying variables: 1-Favorable segment slants that supported the deals of soda pops. The per capita utilization of carbonated soda pops expanded from 22. 7 to 53 gallons over the period 1970-2000 and the deals of Coke went up from 5. 5 billion $ in 1980 to 20. 5 billion $ in 2000. In like manner, Pepsi has about quadrupled its complete deals over a similar period to 20. 4 billion $. 2. The adjustment in the consumers’ taste is another key pattern in the business. Numerous substitutes to carbonated sodas increased greater fame among shoppers. Utilization of filtered water expanded from 11. 8 of every 1998 to 13. gallons/capita in 2000, and that of juices from 10 to 10. 4 gallons/capita to the detriment of the carbonated soda pops, whose utilization eased back somewhere near about 2% over a similar period. Subsequently, Pepsi and Coke put resources into item advancement to incorporate non carbonated soda pops. 3. Globalization is a significant move in the methodology of Pepsi and Coke, as the residential market turns out to be progressively full grown. In this w ay, Pepsi and Coke need to target global markets and risk working abroad (political hazard, danger of national brand names). 3. Look at the financial matters of the concentrate business to the packaging industry: Why are contrasts in productivity so unmistakable? The financial aspects of the concentrate business and the packaging business are emphatically connected. The focus makers haggle for the benefit of their providers, and they are eventually subject to similar clients. Indeed, even on account of materials, for example, sugars that are joined legitimately into concentrates, they go along any arranged investment funds straightforwardly to their bottlers. However the ventures are very extraordinary regarding productivity. The essential contrast between concentrate makers and bottlers is included worth. The greatest wellspring of included an incentive for concentrate makers is their restrictive, marked items. Coke has secured its formula for over a hundred years as a competitive advantage. Because of broadened accounts and effective publicizing endeavors, Coke and Pepsi are regarded commonly recognized names, giving their items an emanation of significant worth that can't be effortlessly duplicated. Additionally difficult to duplicate are Coke and Pepsi’s refined vital and operational administration rehearses, another wellspring of included worth. Bottlers have altogether less included worth. Not at all like their concentrate makers partners, they don't have marked items or one of a kind recipes. Their additional worth stems from their associations with concentrate makers and with their clients. They have over and again arranged agreements with their clients, with whom they take a shot at a progressing premise, and whose peculiar needs are recognizable to them. Through long haul, inside and out associations with their clients, they can serve clients adequately. Their other wellspring of gainfulness is their agreement associations with concentrate makers which award them elite regions and offer some cost reserve funds. Restrictive domains forestall intra-brand rivalry, making oligopolies at the bottler level, which diminish contention and permit benefits. To additionally fabricate â€Å"glass houses,† as portrayed by Nalebuff and Brandenberger (Co-opetition, p. 88), for their bottlers, concentrate makers go along a portion of their arranged flexibly investment funds to their bottlers. Somewhere in the range of 1986 and 1993, the distinctions in included an incentive between concentrate makers and bottlers brought about a significant move in gainfulness inside the business. While industry benefit expanded by 11%, focus makers benefits arrive at 130% on a for each case premise, w

Best friends Essay Example for Free

Closest companions Essay Now and then I wonder how my life would be without my closest companion Tonya, following thirteen years of enduring each other we are still as indistinguishable as could be. We have a deep understanding of each other, share everything, and go through hours conversing with one another building up a relationship that can't look at some other kinship. Commonly when we are together we are confused with sisters and its straightforward why; we both stand minimal more than five foot tall, have light hair, blue eyes, and wear a similar size garments. It generally appears that my storeroom has a greater amount of her garments in it than mine and the other way around. Our moms can compare constantly notes with respect to what number of garments they have gotten us that theyve never observed on their real youngster wear. At the point when we are together individuals swears that we communicate in an alternate language and between completing every others sentences, the bounces in subjects, and the laughs unfortunately we even see one another. In the wake of going throughout the day together we generally wind up chatting on the telephone for quite a long time and ordinarily rehashing similar discussions while never acknowledging it. For certain individuals its difficult to envision being companions with somebody for such a long time, however if I somehow managed to pick one individual outside of my family that I was unable to manage without. I would pick my closest companion Tonya. Weve helped each other through the all kinds of challenges and held each other when some person has broken our hearts and even shouted at every others guardians. She is as much a piece of my family as any other individual, regardless of what anybody says. We are closest companions thus significantly more, regular I am grateful that we found each other such a large number of years back in light of the fact that neither of our lives have ever been the equivalent.

Mobile news and the future of journalism Free Essays

Question 1 . Clarify the impacts of the rise of versatile news on the fate of reporting. How generous do you believe these impacts to be? Versatile News and The fate of Journalism Digital, portable and visual innovations have given us new ways for society to discover and share news and data, making them a key piece of monetary, social and social life. We will compose a custom paper test on Portable news and the fate of news-casting or on the other hand any comparative subject just for you Request Now Today, People everywhere throughout the world are progressively moving their utilization of news from papers and other conventional structures, to versatile news and Internet administrations and this is because of these advances in innovation. As we are currently living in an advanced age, we are seeing large changes in the Journalism business and new acts of Journalism are going on including the development of versatile news (the conveyance and making of news utilizing cell phones). Reporting is customarily rehearsed through news associations, for example, papers, broadcasting stations or news sites, yet in a general public where the Internet and versatile is getting first for news, Journalism has needed to progress so as to stay up with the latest with these new stages. Be that as it may, will the rise of portable news influence the fate of reporting and assuming this is the case, how? A gathering was held in 2008 by the BBC College of Journalism examining the fate of Journalism according to progresses in innovation. ‘Today, as innovation changes the lives of the two Journalists and their clients, suppositions about what Journalism is and how it is polished are being reevaluated. ‘ (The eventual fate of Journalism, papers from meeting, on the web). Diminish Horrocks, executive of BBC world administrations and one of the speakers at the meeting, has perceived how innovation is changing Journalism and says that there is a conclusion to what he calls ‘Fortress Journalism’ and another ‘Networked Journalism’. Horrocks clarifies that Fortress Journalism alludes to Journalism that considers itself a shut framework, Journalists are the specialists of news and we hear them out. Though the new type of Journalism is ‘Networked Journalism’ and this considers the collective idea of Journalism; it’s about tearing down the posts and making it open to open permitting Journalist to speak with people in general. This thought of ‘Networked Journalism’, implies the hindrances for entering the news circuit are not as large as in the past. Anybody with essential PC aptitudes can set up a blog or a twitter account and can without much of a stretch talk about news with the world, and it is the procedure of remediation that has impacted these adjustments in Journalism. Bolter and Grusin characterize ‘remediation’ as a procedure whereby each new medium vows to change its forerunners by offering a progressively prompt, bona fide experience, for instance the medium ot portable news is supposed to be a superior tester and increasingly associated then the vehicle of TV news. experience These new online strategies for appropriating news, doesn't vital destroy old raditional ways, I. . papers, TV and radio. ‘Technologies don’t kill each other; they upgrade or unobtrusively change each other having their spot one next to the other in the new media environment. ‘ ((Bolter Grusin, 2000). News coverage address: Remediation) We are presently hefting around the innovation that permits us to approach the Internet and news in a hurry on account of contraptions like cell phones and tablets. These quick advances in innovation have changed the manner by which we can get our news offering us this new mechanism of portable news. The intensity of martphones and their capacity to be all the more then Just a telephone has been a major impact on the rising prominence of portable news. With Millions of individuals claiming these contraptions, the Journalism business expected to reconsider how to react to this new type of innovation where data and news is accessible quickly and free. News partnerships have seen that a developing number of individuals are utilizing the Internet for news thus have attempted to fulfill the need for portable news by creating versatile web renditions of the sites for simpler access and applications for direct access to ll the news whenever. For instance BBC news, Sky news, The Guardian, Mailonline are only a couple of the numerous accessible news applications on cell phones. This development of portable news isn’t halting paper Journalism, yet it is influencing it, causing a declining in the utilization of papers by society. ‘The extent of individuals perusing a national day by day paper has been declining in the course of recent decades. In 1978, †¦ 72 percent of individuals matured 15 and over in Great Britain had perused a national day by day paper, †¦ 2 percent in 1991 and 53 percent in 2001. In 2009, †¦ 2 percent had revealed perusing a national day by day paper. ‘(Office for national insights) It is likely that the primary explanation behind the decrease is this expanded utilization of the Internet and portable news. Individuals are beginning to utilize and depend on versatile news benefits as opposed to buying papers or viewing the news on TV, and Journalist are in actuality effe ctively utilizing these social medias themselves to correspondence and connect with general society. The State of the News Media (2012): An Annual Report on American Journalism, found that Mobile news is significant in light of the fact that individuals feel they can, ave an effect on their networks, and feel more connected to the media condition than they did a couple of years back. ‘ ‘Citizens can not just read news from their nearby network, with tablets and PDAs, they can likewise share and post connects to stories, remark, or contribute themselves. ‘ (State of the Media: Annual Report) Now, Journalism has an intelligent exchange between association, networks, and people. World occasions like the Egyptian 25th January insurgency, was completely secured, by proficient Journalists, yet in addition by the individuals of Egypt ia cell phones and Internet. This correspondence and cooperation with society is a preferred position to Journalism as it considers better inclusion of the news. This ascent of new media has expanded the correspondences between individuals everywhere throughout the world and has permitted individuals to communicate through online journals, sites, pictures, and other client produced media. It is additionally making Journalists Jobs simpler as they can utilize this client produced data for their own work. This implies New-media innovation is affecting set up Journalism yet additionally changing the Internet into a progressively open, dependable and helpful spot for data and discussion about news. ‘The improvement of the web implies that the procedure (news) is far faster, increasingly worldwide in scope, and that the crowd gets even more a look-in. Oournalism, standards and practice pp174) So what does the future hold for Journalism since portable news is turning into a mainstream stage? Individuals are getting a charge out of being associated with the world, comprehending what is proceeding to have the option to be a piece of it, and this has permitted the matter of portable news to flourish. The mergence of new media is influencing Journalism to improve things. News-casting is turning out to be progressively significant then ever before as news is being disperse d to a more extensive crowd and having a greater amount of an influencing, as more individuals need to remain associated with the world by news. With the end goal for Journalism to remain something that society needs, it must progress with the innovation like everything else in the public arena, so we are currently observing increasingly online Journalism then ever previously; the detailing of realities created and conveyed by means of the Internet. As innovation gets less expensive to produce, more eople will approach the Internet and portable news will increase a much more extensive crowd all inclusive. The development of portable news has implied that news has become more client created, which means the purchasers take an interest really taking shape of the news by including content themselves. This may give the possibility that crafted by Journalist isn't sheltered later on as the crowds are additionally the donor and makers of news, yet Journalist have the right stuff to utilize this data, give it setting and afterward report it, So Journalists will stay significant. We have additionally observed Journalism change hroughout the hundreds of years, from the ’19th century print machine culture, to the twentieth century TV and radio culture, to now, the 21st century computerized and online culture’. Oournalism address, Remediation). This change achieved better-propelled methods of getting news and individuals need and need it in their life. While some may settle on the free, yet now and again not genuine choice of news, others are as yet ready to pay no doubt, exact and dependable news. Presently with the numerous choices accessible and the solid ascent of portable news, how it’s conveyed will be down to the news orporations and Journalists, however on the off chance that papers are to endure the effect of the web and news media later on, at that point stricter controls on news online ought to be made to urge society to utilize the conventional structures. https://idp.uwe.ac.uk/CookieAuth.dll?GetLogon?curl=Z2FadfsZ2FlsZ2FauthZ2FintegratedZ2FZ3FwaZ3Dwsignin1.0Z26wtrealmZ3DhttpsZ3AZ2FZ2Fauth-cas.uwe.ac.ukZ2FcasZ2Floginreason=0formdir=7 http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/assets/idt-bbb9e158-4a1b-43c7-8b3b-9651938d4d6a http://www.stateofthemedia.org/2012/outline 4/significant patterns/ http://www.webcitation.org/ Step by step instructions to refer to Mobile news and the fate of reporting, Papers

James Jerome Hill Essay Example

James Jerome Hill Essay James J. Slope was an independent mogul; through difficult work and assurance he returned from losing an eye to turning into the Railroad Tycoon.Hill experienced numerous callings and dreams, however it was the railroad and his family that won his love forever.Among different things Hill needed to be a specialist, a steamer official, and obviously a Railroad Tycoon.However what set him apart from the crown was his capacity to do what all others had fizzled, to assemble a populace around a railroad, and not a railroad around the populace. James J. Slope was conceived on September 16, 1838 in Rockwood, Ontario.When he was youthful Hill was shot in the eye with a bolt leaving him for all time dazzle in one eye.James J. Slope at that point moved to St. Paul, at 18 years old, resolved to be a trapper, yet he before long got partial to the city, and chose to begin a steamer company.James. J. Slope at that point proceeded to wed Mary Theresa Mehegan, together they had 10 kids, of which 1 pa ssed on at infancy.They had 3 young men leaving 7 girls.James J. Slope kicked the bucket in St. Paul, MN on May 29, 1916 at 77 years old years old. The demise of James J. Slopes father intruded on his initial training, yet later he came back to class at Rockwood Academy, who gave him free tuition.Between the time his dad passed on and the time he came back to class, he was attempting to help bolster his battling family, as an agent at 14 years old. James J. Hillsfirst work was as a representative, this showed him how to utilize and put away cash to make the best profits.He then proceeded to function as an operator for the St. Paul and Pacific Railroad.Here he understood that the wood that they were utilizing for fuel was not as productive as coal.So he and other set up a fuel, freighting, promoting, and distribution center organization known as Hill, Griggs, Company.This organization had a settled restraining infrastructure over the fuel business in St. Paul and the close by region. He then set up a steamer business th

Welcome to Senior Haus

Welcome to Senior Haus Some of you asked for pictures of a Senior House dorm room, and I decided to do you one better and give you a bit of a dorm tour! So here are a few glimpses of the Haus. (The Haus/House spelling used to be an indicator of whether or not you were a resident of Senior House from what I know, people living here or in EC used Haus as an inside joke-like thing. Now, however, the two are used somewhat interchangeably, but most MIT administratrivia still uses House rather than Haus. But I digress.) As youre walking from the main buildings over to the east side of campus, you see this: which is the side of the Haus. This used to be where the front desk was until renovations in 1996, when it was moved to a more central area of the building. Want a picture with a view from the front? Yeah. Dont have it. Maybe when I stop being lazy, or when I happen to be walking to the Haus from MIT Medical with my camera. (Senior Haus is right across the street from MIT Medical. Were also the closest dorm to the Kendall Square T station on the Red Line.) By the way, right now this picture is entirely misleading for a couple of reasons: a) it was taken in September, back when it was still warm and sunny out and leaves were still on trees. b) IT SNOWED TUESDAY NIGHT AND WEDNESDAY MORNING. Which then became sleet, which in turn became this freezing rain that mixed with the dirty melting snow and created a million deep puddles everywhere which are now all frozen over causing Amy 10 and I to try unsuccessfully to slide on them and this is a run-on sentence if ever I saw one. Even so. SNOW. AWESOME SNOW. Want a look at said awesome snow? Heres one, taken this morning from a 4th floor balcony before I went to 24.900: The rain from last night turned the snow on the balcony into ice, causing me to slip and nearly fall off just as I was climbing back through the window into the hallway. Oh, the things I do for MITBlogs. ^_^ Enough about outside, though. Ive mentioned before that Senior Haus residents are allowed to paint their rooms. Theyre also allowed to put murals on the walls. Every mural is from 1996 on, since the Haus renovations required tearing down many of the walls to change the internal layout of the building. Even so, the murals are usually pretty cool and never really get painted over. An example of the contrary, however, is this wall directly outside of my room. According to my hallmate Sari 09, there was what she would only describe as a really, really bad mural there before she painted the entire thing over with white in a fit of frustration with it. The 4th HNC is still thinking of things to paint up there instead of leaving the blank stretch of white; Ill let you know what happens with that. Anyway, here are a couple of our murals: And for you Invader Zim fans out there: More pictures will be added over the next couple of days. Moving on to rooms: Ive been living in a single since I moved in here, and I just moved into a larger one last week: I now have room for a small couch, which is definitely going in the space between the drawers and my lamp. No commenting on the unfinished corner of a wall. I know. Neha 10 wants me to write ON PURPOSE in Sharpie along the corner, since that apparently makes up for my laziness. Its not painted because Im exhausted and hoping for tall guy support, since thats as high as I can reach while standing on my bed (for the record, Im 56). Of course, right after I typed this Sari 09 passed by my room and asked me if Id ever finish that corner. Youre not too short! You can just climb up on the bed with a roller and keep jumping up and down until youre done! This seems like so much fun that it just might be what happens. (What, you wouldnt do it?) If you ever visit MIT, check us out. If youre admitted, definitely come over during CPW Hanna 10 and I are CPW chairs for the Haus, so well be planning all of the dorms events. We stayed up until 2 AM on Monday night wokring out the logistics of some of the larger events, and they will be awesome. Visit Senior Haus: we have the only bathroom on campus painted hot pink and covered with robots. Post Tagged #Senior Haus #Senior House

Risk and Management - 3300 Words

Risk and Management (Essay Sample) Content: Name: Course: Tutor: Date: Introduction Global financial crisis was a wide spread period of economic disaster that impeded markets world wide. The global financial crisis started in 2007, and it began with the breakdown of the United State financial system extending spontaneously to other countries worldwide. The short run widespread of global financial crisis began to take off when basic commodity prices started to increase. These basic commodities included the price for fuel and food. On the other hand, the fertilizer prices increase caused damages to the importation of food and crop manufacturers in the developing economies around the globe. This paper work focuses on the cycles of events leading to the global financial crisis which led to bad investment decisions causing serious losses and successive crisis in liquidity hence triggering the global financial credit crisis. It also focuses on the failure of major brand organizations during the global financial cris is despite the existence of excellent risk management and mitigation methods. Deepening of the global economic crisis in 2008 led to reduced consumer spending due to high commodity prices. Moreover, banks and financial institutions reduced spending especially on the foreign direct investments. Global financial crisis period was also accompanied by large scale reduction in production, international trade and capital investments. Unemployment and inflation characterised most of the economy’s performance. In addition, the continued increase in food and fuel prices led to starvation and increased poverty levels in the developing countries, whereas the developed and wealthy countries growth and recovery remained sluggish. Largely, the effects of global financial crisis were felt by the developing countries and this greatly affected their GDP gross domestic products hence deteriorating economic development and growth. However, developed countries felt the effects in major sectors of the economy such as capital market, money market and the housing markets. This forced them to pull back on foreign direct investments in developing economies so as to protect the home based assets, and it further led to more troubles in the developing countries. Some of the financial analysts and economists still feel that though recovery was achieved later on, the globe still remain at risk of such other economic disturbances. Discussion The global nature of financial crisis in 2007-2008 was characterised by inflation and unemployment. Fundamentally, inflation is the general increase in commodity prices followed by subsequent decrease in the consumer’s purchasing power. Inflation was experienced during the global financial crisis due to rise in food and fuel prices which reduced the consumers spending in major economies of the world. On the other hand, reduction in large scale production and international trade led to increase in level of unemployment. During the glob al financial crisis, both developed and developing countries experienced a series of economic downturns such as credit crunch, housing market failure, investment loss in major organizations, equity price bust, and financial assets such as options and derivatives bust hence decline in GDP output. Following the economic meltdown brought about by the global economic crisis, the subprime property and housing market especially in the United State underwent a period of unparalleled havoc. This heightened the instability of investments such as real estate. The momentum of the housing market dampened due to a series of fluctuating interest rates. Households and investment companies were not in a position to access credit from the banks hence construction of the real estate reduced and subsequent dampening the housing market. Also, the housing prices declined due to soaring global product prices. The economic downturn allied with an increased level of unemployment and concerns about job secu rity of citizens of world economies together with tightened lending conditions undermined the housing market. Prior to the global financial crisis, property and real estate owners enjoyed increased returns but following the global effect of financial crisis, property owners’ returns from investments on real estate declined. This is because, banks and other financial institutions extended loans to commercial property investors at low interest rates. Construction of real estate houses increased. Consequently, the supply for real estate exceeded the demand. For instance, it was estimated that, in 2009, there was 200,000 real estate housing units in excess supply in Ireland. However, the investors were unable to repay the loans. Eventually, banks were denied access to credit due to loan defaults. On the other hand, real estate reduced housing prices led to dampening of the housing markets in major developed countries like United Kingdom and United States. The combination of he ightened in accessibility of credit to banks and real estate investors squeezed the circulation of liquidity leading to global credit crisis. On the other hand, the credit crunch was a period of severe shortage of liquidity in circulation. The housing market failure was an effect of global financial crisis which later led to a credit crunch in economies of developing and developed countries. The policy makers in many developed countries like United States and the United Kingdom recognized the activities of banks and other financial institutions including providing credit to the citizens of an economy. Moreover, these activities necessitated operational risks exploited by organizations in execution of the business functions When banks extended credit to citizens, they exposed themselves to operational risk; a risk of loss from consequential failure of internal operational systems in an organization or external factors. However, the operation risk undertaken by the financial instituti ons and banks in extending loans to citizens did not have cushion apparently to absorb the huge loan defaults and investment banks made huge losses. In addition, banks pursuing credit extensions during the global financial crisis period (2007-2008) to citizens experienced huge losses due to real estate investors’ default. The defaulters denied commercial banks credit and in return it squeezed the circulation of credit in the economy and global financial crisis turned into a credit crisis. The credit crisis which lasted for a while created huge investment losses to banks and housing market due to excess supply. The financial crisis led to low production levels slowing economic growth and development. Moreover, since production was low it required fewer workforces hence the level of unemployment increased in the developing and developed nations. Banks in the developed countries exercised credit risk by giving out loans. Following reduction in interest rates during the global f inancial crisis, banks attracted credit risks. These are risks associate with the bank’s losses if borrowers do not make disbursements as agreed. Commercial banks mostly exercised credit risk when they wanted to make profits. However, following widespread financial regulation failure, banks lost investable funds as a result of taking too much credit risks. The losses impacted greatly on the ability of commercial banks to lend more hence weakening the circulation of money and subsequent credit crisis. From the above discussion, both credit and operational risks can be exercised by an organization simultaneously. In practicality organizations and companies including banks are always in pursuit of profits. This increases the appetite for credit risk. On the other hand, organizations operational risk entails losses arising from execution of functions of an entity. Therefore, whenever a bank extended loans to the citizens during the global financial crisis both the operational and credit risks were interconnected. Losses experienced by banks due to defaults were resultant effects of both operational and credit risks undertaken by commercial banks in major economies worldwide. However, systematic risk is fear of the entire collapse of the financial system. Excessive borrowing by households during the global financial crisis was as a result of many banks and financial firms taking high risks without regulating the money market forces. This widespread, excessive borrowing and irresponsible monitoring of the financial systems led to collapse of banks and other financial institutions during the crisis. Losses experienced were resultant effects of too much of systematic risk in the organizations managed by corporate governance. Also, during the global financial crisis most governments experienced huge public debts. Inflation intensified, and unemployment level increased. On the other hand, households and investors spending reduced due to panic of unprecedented in creases in commodity prices. All these cycles of events were due to irresponsible management of the financial systems in major super power nations like United State hence causing deficits amid the surpluses of trade in China. The global imbalance of trade surpluses in China and trade deficits, in United States, was also the root causes of the global economic crisis. Banks stopped lending to other banks and refused to inject liquidity into financial markets causing damage to the global economic activity and subsequent low economic growth. Governments did not respond to expansionary monetary policy because of the huge public debts from international monetary fund and World Bank. Combination of the commercial banks and government responses towards the world economy led to low investment levels and losses to investors. These losses were attributed to reduced consumer spending and the stepping up of savings among households. These changes among households were accompanied by loss of pers onal net worth driven by reducing housing and equity prices. However, ...

Why A Bank Serves A Geographic Area - 1524 Words

If a bank serves a geographic area that extends substantially beyond a state boundary, the bank must delineate separate assessment areas for the areas in each state. If a bank serves a geographic area that extends substantially beyond an MSA boundary, the bank must delineate separate assessment areas for the areas inside and outside the MSA. PERFORMANCE TESTS AND STANDARDS The Regulatory Agencies evaluate a bank’s CRA performance under various standards depending on whether the bank is a large or small banks, is a wholesale or limited purpose bank, or is operating under a strategic plan. CRA ratings are publicly available. Therefore, a poor rating may have an effect on a bank’s reputation. There is no monetary fine or other direct†¦show more content†¦A large bank is graded on each of the tests as Outstanding, High Satisfactory, Low Satisfactory, Needs to Improve, or Substantial Non-compliance. The three grades are then melded into a single grade for the bank. A high rating under one of the tests can offset a low rating on one of the other tests. Lending Test In assessing a bank’s lending activities, the Regulatory Agencies review the following information: †¢ Lending activity: The number and dollar amount of home mortgage, small business, and small farm loans in the bank’s assessment area(s). The general standard is that 80% in number and dollar amount of a bank’s loans should be in its assessment area(s). This number is not a regulatory requirement; it is more of an industry best practice. If the number is less than that, the bank has probably been too restrictive in defining its assessment area. †¢ Geographic distribution: The geographic distribution of a bank’s mortgage, small business, small farm, and consumer loans including: o The proportion of lending in the bank’s assessment area(s); o The dispersion of loans across the bank’s assessment area(s); and o The number and amount of loans in low , moderate-, middle-, and upper-income areas in the bank’s assessment area(s). †¢ Borrower characteristics: The demographics of the bank’s borrower’s including: o Mortgage loans to low-, moderate-, middle-, and upper-income individuals; o Small business and small farm loans to small businesses and small farms

Descartes Vs. Pascal Essay - 1172 Words

Descartes vs. Pascal nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;For centuries, human beings have been debating over the validity of the use of reason. This is a very, very difficult subject to discuss, as one is forced to study something which is at that moment being used in their study. Two classic thinkers who contrasted on their view of reason were Descartes and Pascal. Though both saw reason as the primary source of knowledge, they disagreed over the competence of human reason. Descartes, the skeptic, said that we could use reason to find certain truth if we used it correctly, while Pascal said that we cant know certain truth, but reason is the best source of knowledge that we have. Descartes: nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Reason is the tool†¦show more content†¦This is a very useful step, because I can take my idea that a perfect being (God) exists. Since this idea is greater than myself, there must be a perfect being who has caused this idea in me. Continuing on, if there is a perfect God, than I can logically deduce that a perfect being would not give me a deceptive faculty. If we do not have deceptive faculties, than we can know for certain that we can trust our senses with certainty. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The certainties that I have arrived at by starting with the one certainty can be known with complete certainty because they were arrived at using rational, logical reasoning. It is true that we can doubt that God exists, yet this skepticism is superseded by rationality. We used a rational argument which is based upon certainties; therefore, we know with 100% certainty that God exists. Pascal: Rene Descartes must realize that our world is not like mathematics. As I have stated, â€Å"Let man consider what he is in comparison with all existence; let him regard himself as lost in this remote corner . . . What is a man in the infinite?† (Pascal, #72). How can we expect to gain a grip on certain knowledge when we cannot even grasp where we are in relation to all of reality. Descartes was right in saying that reason is the basis of all of our knowledge, but he must realize that we have severe limitations in our use of reason. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;We have beenShow MoreRelatedDescartes vs. Pascal1177 Words   |  5 PagesDescartes vs. Pascal For centuries, human beings have been debating over the validity of the use of reason. This is a very, very difficult subject to discuss, as one is forced to study something which is at that moment being used in their study. Two classic thinkers who contrasted on their view of reason were Descartes and Pascal. Though both saw reason as the primary source of knowledge, they disagreed over the competence of human reason. Descartes, the skeptic, said that we could use reasonRead MoreDifference Between Faith And Knowledge1561 Words   |  7 Pagesupcoming paragraphs. I will briefly explain the argument of Pascal’s wager and the reasoning behind it. Is there a God? Should I believe in God? People think about this question everyday. Pascal is famous, among other things for his wager argument. It was a groundbreaking theory at that time. It’s basically a risk vs reward argument. Pascal’s theory is that it’s better to believe in God, even without reason than it is not to believe, which you can stand to lose significantly. Atheist haveRead MoreModern vs. Pre-modern Essay example1064 Words   |  5 PagesModern vs. Pre-modern There is one simple way to classify the difference between the modern and the pre-modern, and that would be to separate them by years. Unfortunately this would not be cut and dried; it would be a rough estimate because no one really knows when the change took place, or if there even was a change. What is known for sure is that things did change. The â€Å"â€Å"moderns† (became) set against â€Å"ancient† modes of thought and practice† (Shapin, p. 5), and this led to a so-called scientificRead MorePascal’s Wager vs. the Ontological Argument2450 Words   |  10 PagesPascal’s Wager vs. the Ontological Argument Pascal’s Wager was a groundbreaking theory posed by the French philosopher, mathematician, and physicist Blaise Pascal. Pascal, who is said to be the father of modern probability, felt that that religion should be approached as a gamble. It was one of the first efforts to incorporate the concept of infinity. The wager stated that, even though the existence of God cannot be determined through reason, one should wager as though God exists, because livingRead MoreBill Nye Vs Ken Ham1661 Words   |  7 PagesBill Nye VS. Ken Ham Rain Shi Ken Ham is a Christian who established a creationist museum, he insisted the Earth still young. Ken Ham said: Today, there is too much influence of the theory of evolution on children, we need to take the child back to the correct view of the world in this debate, and it is a good opportunity to let people know more about God, and the spread of the Gospel. Ken Ham s position is creationism. He believes that people are not evolved, because God created human, andRead MoreTo Know About France, and Its History, Culture, French People and Democracy in France5199 Words   |  21 Pagesthem: Claude Monet, Victor Hugo, Antoine de Saint-Exupà ©ry, Jeanne dArc, Napolà ©on Bonaparte, Louis Braille, Louis Pasteur, Gustave Eiffel, Jean Cocteau, Gustave Flaubert, Jean Paul Sartre, Voltaire, Paul Cà ©zanne, Paul Gauguin, Blaise Pascal, Franà §ois Jacob, Blaise Pascal, Brigitte Bardot, Catherine Deneuve, Jean Reno, Jean Rochefort, Pierre Cardin and more. These days French people place a lot of importance on their appearance of. It seems that the fashion has influenced them all. They look at othersRead MoreExistentialism vs Essentialism23287 Words   |  94 Pages------------------------------------------------- Essentialism vs. Existentialism Essentialism: A belief that things have a set of characteristics that make them what they are, amp; that the task of science and philosophy is their discovery amp; expression; the doctrine that essence is prior to existence While, Existentialism:A philosophical theory or approach, that emphasizes the existence of the individual person as a free amp; responsible

Impact Of Slavery According To Frederick Douglass - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 611 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2019/06/10 Category Literature Essay Level High school Topics: Frederick Douglass Essay Did you like this example? Frederick Douglass Throughout this passage coming from the Narrative of Douglas, Douglass is referring to the women at his new plantation, or his new â€Å"home†. He portrays the idea that slavery truly does have a very impactful and large effect on everyone who witnesses it or is involved with it, rather than just the slaves themselves, specifically through the words, â€Å"soon commenced its infernal work† (Douglass 77-78). Essentially, one could say that slavery changes who a person is entirely, and this is demonstrated perfectly through Douglass’ words throughout this passage. Douglass shows the true impact slavery leaves on everyone through the picture he paints into your head, which stems from his use of imagery when he states, â€Å"cheerful eye† and â€Å"red with rage† (Douglass 77-78). The use of the imagery impacts readers, and brings to life the idea that slavery was life changing as it shows that her once happy self was changed the minute her life was introduced to slavery through her new marriage, as prior to this she had never experienced the horror of slavery. She was once pure and innocent, yet that was all taken away from her when she entered the world of slavery. The torture her and her husband were inflicting on others took a toll on her personality as a whole, and eventually sucked all of the life out of her. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Impact Of Slavery According To Frederick Douglass" essay for you Create order Following this, Douglass’ use of a metaphor through the words, â€Å"angelic face gave place to that of a demon† (Douglass 77-78) shows yet again the idea that people change entirely through the terrifying, and horrific process that slavery was, and all of the treatment that it entailed. This metaphor compares not only the women to an angel in the past, but now a demon as well, which are two very opposite, and rather heavy things to be compared to mentally. Yet again, the idea that slavery can make someone who was once so pure, or someone who obtained an â€Å"angelic face† into the worst thing possible, â€Å"a demon† is brought to life through this extremely impactful metaphor, as the terms used are on a very deep scale for many. Finally, Douglass brings up once again how amazing and wonderful this woman was prior to this horrid experience and conditions she had to witness others go through. Through the words, â€Å"a woman of the kindest heart and fine st feelings† (Douglass 77-78), the theme above occurs once again, yet this time, with diction. This woman truly was one of the best people that others had known, up until her breaking point throughout her experience. Through these words however, it shows the purity, innocence, and true kindness that she had in her heart and in her soul, as Douglass could have simply stated that â€Å"she was kind†, yet he took it to a much greater extent to show the true meaning behind her as a person. By using rhetorical strategies which form such a impactful, influential, and real effect on the readers, Douglass continuously shows the life lasting, and changing effects slavery had on everyone involved in the process, rather than just the slaves. Also, it shows that it doesn’t just change someone’s life and their views, yet it changes who they are as a person overall. Thus, making it extremely hard for readers to imagine how cruel times were in the past, which pulls on their heart and makes them much more grateful for the life they are given now. It can evoke an emotional response, as many don’t truly understand just how impactful and horrific this time was, yet due to the aid from rhetorical strategies, Douglass helps readers better understand this.

Comparing Romeo and Juliet and Pyramus and Thisbe Essay

Famous texts often have many similarities as it makes good discussions to find all the possible things that are very related to one another. These certain texts between Romeo and Juliet and Pyarum and Thisbe are almost so closely related, that there are infamous of resemblances that you can point out. There are the obvious general observations, but once you dig deep, you find that there are much more comparisons that meet the eye. Since they are so closely related, we are able to really truly understand the concepts that stand out through each reading. This will make our thoughts deeper and more powerful towards both texts. In Romeo and Juliet, the text is very similar to Pyramus and Thisbe through a love connection between characters even†¦show more content†¦Also, in Romeo and Juliet and Pyramus and Thisbe, a huge part that plays throughout both tales is the showing of miscommunication and misunderstandings. In Romeo and Juliet, Act V Scene II Lines 17-19 Friar Lawrence sp eaks, â€Å"Unhappy fortune! By my brotherhood, the letter was not nice, but full of charge, of dear import, and the neglecting it may do much danger.† Even though the entire play is of miscommunication, this by far is the worst as since Romeo did not receive that letter, it led to the deaths of Juliet and Romeo. Pyramus and Thisbe on the other hand seemed to have their entire plan worked out right through communication, yet it was the misunderstanding that led to both their deaths. The faults of Pyramus assuming Thisbe was dead, led to his suicide which connected to Thisbe’s suicide as well. Last but not least, in both texts of Romeo and Juliet and Pyramus and Thisbe, they are very similar as they both end with terrible, terrible tragedies. Both these readings are known for being tragedies, which make them both so memorable. In Romeo and Juliet, Act V Scene III lines 307-310 the Prince says these concluding words, â€Å"Go hence, to have more talk of these sad things ; some shall be pardoned, and some punished; for never was there a story of more woe, than this od Juliet and her Romeo.† That itself sums up that it is one of the greatest tragedies known to man. The same ending through misunderstandings leads to Pyramus andShow MoreRelatedThea 1016562 Words   |  27 PagesFinal Project Part1: Directorial Vision Statement The piece that I selected for this formal treatment is Romeo and Juliet by William Shakespeare. I select this for a couple of reasons that are listed as the following. First of all, Romeo and Juliet is so famous and popular all around the world, and the two main characters—Romeo and Juliet are so well-known that even people who have no idea about theatre or the original piece of work know they are tragic lovers whose families resented each otherRead MoreA Midsummer Nights Dream by William Shakespeare Essay2727 Words   |  11 PagesShakespeare often used his plays to explore different feelings and emotions. He has written tragic plays, humorous plays and romances. Shakespeare often uses love as a theme within his plays, this is shown in plays such as Romeo and Juliet, Much Ado About Nothing, Twelfth Night, and A Midsummer Nights Dream. He uses love repeatedly throughout his plays, as it is a universal feeling to which all can relate. People on every social level find his plays

Country Side Free Essays

Country Side Freedom surrounds those who aspire to achieve lonesome from the rest of the world. The perfect getaway is something that most people deserve once in a while. Complete solitary from everything and everyone nothing but fields for miles and miles away. We will write a custom essay sample on Country Side or any similar topic only for you Order Now The country side has a lot to offer the spectacular view and stunning landscape. It doesn’t matter whether it is winter, spring, fall or summer because either of these seasons changes the fact of how admiring the view is from a far. I am a victim of this ignorance. I never realize how precious and beautiful the country side is until I saw Harvey George W. ainting, New England Landscape, at the Andersons Gallery in Beverly Hills that opens my eyes into larger sense of beauty and strength. Harvey George W. was known for his Techniques of Fly Tying Fishing. Harvey was born on November 14, 1911, in Dubois, Pennsylvania. His father Archibald accepted a job as a stock farmer in Lansdale, Pennsylvania. That’s where he got inspired by painting the New England from his childhood memories. While Harvey was in the farm he had learned so many things and to appreciate what was handed to him, he did not come from a wealthy income family and all he could have done is go by what his e xpectation were. His Father Archibald teaches him how fish by the stream right off the stream. Even more he was being afflatus by the nature that surrounded him. Harvey is not a well-known artist but more for his achievements at Penn State University. At Penn State he teaches Fishing Tying for the first Time in history and that class was accredited in 1947. Also he got offered to run in the Olympics but then he was diagnosed with pneumonia and did not get to compete. In my perspective view, seeing this painting of the country side makes me want to forget about life and go there to escape from the everyday basis. The scenery is breath taking. The tree that is located on the center left hand is perfected it reflects how privacy is supposed to be like. The stack of hay behind the giant tree is a symbol of freedom. The hay represents how everyone who would like to be stress free can just hide behind a tree and forget about their existence. The farm town is far away like it’s supposed to be and endless fields. This portrait reminds me of my own family ranch in Mexico; it made me realize that I am taking that part of my life for granted. How to cite Country Side, Essay examples Country Side Free Essays Country Side Freedom surrounds those who aspire to achieve lonesome from the rest of the world. The perfect getaway is something that most people deserve once in a while. Complete solitary from everything and everyone nothing but fields for miles and miles away. We will write a custom essay sample on Country Side or any similar topic only for you Order Now The country side has a lot to offer the spectacular view and stunning landscape. It doesn’t matter whether it is winter, spring, fall or summer because either of these seasons changes the fact of how admiring the view is from a far. I am a victim of this ignorance. I never realize how precious and beautiful the country side is until I saw Harvey George W. ainting, New England Landscape, at the Andersons Gallery in Beverly Hills that opens my eyes into larger sense of beauty and strength. Harvey George W. was known for his Techniques of Fly Tying Fishing. Harvey was born on November 14, 1911, in Dubois, Pennsylvania. His father Archibald accepted a job as a stock farmer in Lansdale, Pennsylvania. That’s where he got inspired by painting the New England from his childhood memories. While Harvey was in the farm he had learned so many things and to appreciate what was handed to him, he did not come from a wealthy income family and all he could have done is go by what his e xpectation were. His Father Archibald teaches him how fish by the stream right off the stream. Even more he was being afflatus by the nature that surrounded him. Harvey is not a well-known artist but more for his achievements at Penn State University. At Penn State he teaches Fishing Tying for the first Time in history and that class was accredited in 1947. Also he got offered to run in the Olympics but then he was diagnosed with pneumonia and did not get to compete. In my perspective view, seeing this painting of the country side makes me want to forget about life and go there to escape from the everyday basis. The scenery is breath taking. The tree that is located on the center left hand is perfected it reflects how privacy is supposed to be like. The stack of hay behind the giant tree is a symbol of freedom. The hay represents how everyone who would like to be stress free can just hide behind a tree and forget about their existence. The farm town is far away like it’s supposed to be and endless fields. This portrait reminds me of my own family ranch in Mexico; it made me realize that I am taking that part of my life for granted. How to cite Country Side, Papers

Ted Hughes the jaguar and Wodwo free essay sample

Hughes deliberately creates myth to ‘correct’ the fundamental flaw in western thinking, which is the separation from nature. His intent to metaphorically bring attention to the psyche of society, brought upon by WWII, through animals and the disconnection from nature is expressed in both ‘The Jaguar’ and ‘Wodwo’. These poems focus on the centrality of consciousness, the flaws of humanity and Hughes concern with the need to reconnect with nature due to the trauma of the twentieth century. Hughes is able to create visionary poetry through the structure and techniques within both ‘The Jaguar’ and ‘Wodwo’. In Ted Hughes’ poem the jaguar the centrality of consciousness and the perception of the animals reveals something about the observers consciousness. The instinctive human emotions are expressed subconsciously and metaphorically. ‘The Jaguar’ effectively presents the complexity of the natural world. We see how the literal representation of animals transcends into the imaginative realm. Hughes draws influence from his context as he attempts to uphold Romantic poetic traditions – in particular the appreciation of nature – in the face of Modernism and ‘the Movement’ threat. We will write a custom essay sample on Ted Hughes the jaguar and Wodwo or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page We see this immediately in the beginning through the use of animal imagery and stretched assonance (â€Å"yawn and adore†) in â€Å"The apes yawn and adore their fleas in the sun†. Here, the dullness of entrapped animal life serves as a metaphor for the monotony of human life that lacks freedom of thought due to the expectations of society. In many ways, this reflects Hughes’ frustrations about his mid-20th century context where scientific and technological change resulted in a loss of tradition with a lack of appreciation for nature. This sentiment is furthered through the repetition of â€Å"cage† and the sibilance in â€Å"cage after cage seems empty, or stinks of sleepers from the breathing straw†, which serves to emphasise Hughes’ dissatisfaction with the seemingly endless nature of this entrapment. The opening of Stanza 3, â€Å"but† sees a shift in rhythm with the â€Å"jaguar hurrying enraged†. The simile in â€Å"the crowd stands, stares, mesmerised as a child at a dream† sees the adult crowd in awe of the jaguar from the norm as they come to recognise the power of imagination, much like â€Å"a child at a dream†. By the ending we see how the jaguar â€Å"spins from the bars, but there’s no cage to him†¦ his stride is wildernesses of freedom†. This serves, as a metaphor for the freedom of human emotion that arises if one does not remain physically entrapped by the expectations of society and extends themselves imaginatively. Similar to ‘The Jaguar’, Hughes’ poem ‘Wodwo’ explores the limitations of consciousness. Hughes uses particular language techniques (motifs) to show that animal behaviour represents human behaviour. â€Å"Why do I find this frog so interesting as I inspect its most secret interior and make it my own? This quote demonstrates the â€Å"secret interior† the frog is hiding, this can also be described as the secret chamber of the mind, where all secrets are kept. The question at the beginning of the quote and at the end of the quote further highlight the lack of knowledge â€Å"wodwo† has. Hughes is asking if he can make it his own, emphasising the animal and human behaviours and how they are so alike. The â€Å"most secret† is also represented as high modality and spiritual. This is reconnecting back to shamanism and how Hughes was a big believer in shamanism. Relating to the centrality of consciousness, â€Å"What am I doing here in mid air?, Mid air represents consciousness, Hughes uses repetition of questions to emphasise his uncertainty. Again Hughes has used the technique, repetition to underlie Wodwo’s uncertainty with the world by asking questions over and over again, and yet not getting any response. The â€Å"floating in mid-air† is an exa mple of liminal imagery. It is impossible for any human being to be floating in mid-air. The impossible Hughes writes about reflects the stream of consciousness Wodwo is experiencing, with his loss of self-identity. Hughes is concerned with the need to reconnect back with nature. This is highly demonstrated in his belief in Shamanism. Shamanism is a practice that involves a practitioner reaching altered states of consciousness in order to encounter and interact with the spirit world and channel these transcendental energies into this world. â€Å"Who am I to split the glassy grain of water looking upward? † The guttural sound of the ‘g’ establishes the sounds that water makes when hitting a surface, or when drinking the fluid (sound from throat). Water reflects aspects of the natural world, as the water Hughes is talking about in â€Å"Wodwo† is a river. The question â€Å"Wodow† is asking himself, determines the lack of relationship that humans have with mother nature. The liminal imagery used in â€Å"looking upward† creates sensations of floating, which then reconnects back to the stream of consciousness. Hughes is a visionary poet; whose intent is to heal the psyche of society caused by the horrors of the twentieth century through his writing. This is evident in both ‘The Jaguar’ and ‘Wodwo’, which use animals and nature as an analogy for problems and fears faced by late twentieth century humanity.

Citizens on Patrol free essay sample

Citizens on Patrol What would an Individual do to keep their home or neighborhood safe? The answer has become quite popular over the last few decades. In fact neighborhood prevention Is becoming extremely popular as well as successfully reducing crime In some neighborhoods. One of the major forms of neighborhood crime prevention Is citizen patrol. Citizen patrol or often referred to as citizen on patrol is extremely popular due to the fact that it solely relies on surveillance. Furthermore, not only do these individuals volunteer their time to simply observe, they produce dramatic exults in the process and work with law enforcement officers to stop neighborhood crime. What is the citizen on patrol program? According to the National Association of Citizens on Patrol, Citizens on Patrol is a generic name used by many to describe a special group of Law Enforcement Volunteers.The association goes further to elaborate that, the Citizens On Patrol are Citizens who, after being screened, background checked, and trained by their local law enforcement agency, patrol their communities acting as Eyes and Ears for law enforcement. Citizens On Patrol are also referred to as Citizen Observer Patrols, Community Action Patrols, Police Auxiliary Citizens Team, Retired Senior Volunteer Patrol, Volunteers In Policing, Volunteers On Patrol, as well as other names.The citizens on patrol main goal are to observe. These individuals volunteer their time and effort in order to be a visual surveillance for their family and neighbors. The history of citizen patrol dates back all the way back to the asss. There has been much skepticism over the first actual citizen on patrol program. However the guardian angels organization is the only one that can show history dating back from four decades. The Guardian angels organization was founded February 13, 1979 In New York City by Curtis Swiss and has 15 chapters In fifteen countries around the world. (www. Gradualnesss. Go) Not only are they a nonprofit International organization but most Importantly they are unarmed citizen crime patrolled. The Guardian Angels are by far not the only citizen on patrol organization: they are merely just the beginning. The Houston Police Department identifies four goals of citizen patrol.These goals are as follows: to provide an effective method of discouraging neighborhood crimes ND decline, to promote a friendly and safer neighborhood environment while respecting the privacy and rights of all citizens, to encourage awareness and provide improved communication among neighbors, and to upgrade the quality of life and property values In the area. According to the National Association of Excellent Patrol, the number of Individual Citizen Patrol Volunteers within the united States Is estimated to be over 75,000 with groups in every state of the nation.All members have completed a basic class with attend additional ongoing training throughout the year. Most citizen patrols operate n foot however there are some that use either their personal cars or marked cars. According to Baltimore County Citizen Patrol, one method of patrolling utilizes 3 persons: 2 in the car, a driver and an observer while the thi rd person remains at home with a radio. They call this the base station. If the patrolled spots something, they radio the Base Station, who then calls 911.Another option is the use of cellular telephones. This allows patrolled to call 911 directly. Some groups utilize both. Many groups also have daylight patrols and utilize people who regularly walk and bike for exercise. (Baltimore County Police Department, B. C. P. D. ) It is not uncommon for some citizen patrols to be patrolling seven days and nights each week. However the B. C. P. D. Reports that most patrol only two to four nights with a varied schedule. Why the varied schedule? This is done so no one or no offender can pinpoint their routine.However each schedule is made to fit with the neighborhood as well as it events. For example a neighborhood with a large number of kids would not need patrolling during after school hours because the parents would be home. A common misconception is that citizen patrols only watch the neighborhood. However according to National Association of Citizen Patrol many citizen patrol control traffic at accident scenes, special events, crime scenes, fires, in addition to focused patrols in high crime areas for deterrence.The Citizen on Patrol program is an effective measure of crime prevention for most communities. The name alone acts as a deterrence of crime to many. According to the Baltimore Police County Police Department the majority of our patrols have drastically reduced crime in their neighborhoods and eliminated the suspicious activity associated with crime, thereby enhancing the overall quality of life in the immunity. One major benefit of the citizen patrol involves the cost saving of law enforcement and communities.For example the citizen patrols are volunteers so these individuals save tax payers and law enforcement major bucks. It is not uncommon for an average size Citizen Patrol group of 50 members to provide a budget savings of several hundred thousand dollars a year by performing these duties. The funds saved can then be used to put more Officers and Deputies on the streets or purchase needed equipment. In addition to budget savings, it is not uncommon for active Citizen Patrol groups to reduce crime by an average of 20 recent. (National Association of Citizen Patrol) The National Association of Citizen Patrol also posts hundreds of success stories of how citizens patrol across the world are indeed working. In conclusion the citizen patrol groups have proven to be an excellent complement to law enforcement agencies. On the contrast there are some communities were the citizen patrol did not reduce crime but lowered the citizens fear of crime. The Newark foot patrol experiment was done in 1979 and included 28 New Jersey cities.The study shocked many by showing that it had no effect on crime rates. However what it did show was something not expected. The study concluded that residents knew when officers were patrolling their neighborhoods on foot, residents in areas patrolled by officers on foot thought that crime was less of a problem than did residents in areas with only motorized patrol, living in areas with foot patrol took fewer steps to protect themselves against crime, and residents in areas with foot patrol were more satisfied with police services. Summarized the residents basically saw their communities as safer and better places to live, and were more satisfied with police services On the contrast when it moms to the citizen patrol downfall there is a somewhat problem with its effectiveness. The citizen patrols are aimed at preventing crime but mostly personal crimes. The problem however, is according to the text book most personal crimes occur between individuals who know one another and within the home.This means that citizen patrol would be least effective when the victims are neighbors or friends. However when it comes to strangers the program has much success. Think about it, if an individual were a criminal, would he really go to a community where people are patrolling. Furthermore most of the neighborhoods post citizens on patrol street signs at all entrances, advertising their patrol. In conclusion they are several thousand forms of citizen patrol in the world.However each one operates under the same sole purpose of protecting the neighborhood. What makes many of them spectacular is the amount of community involvement. The most important thing to remember is these are often nonprofit organizations with individuals who volunteer their services. These men or women volunteer their time and effort to strictly become the neighborhood visual surveillance. As far as their success rate sure some programs are not effective in reducing crime rates but that is some not all.

Heart Essays (346 words) - Charles Marlow, Joseph Conrad

Heart Of Darkness "And this also," said Marlow Suddenly, "has been one of the dark places of the earth." He was the only man who still "followed the sea." The worst that could be said of him was that he did not represent his class. Why did you think that this exert was the most significant? I thought this exert was most significant because I thought that when Marlow's first words were "And this also has been one of the dark places of the earth," introduce the image of darkness that dominates the whole story. From this point on Marlow tells the main narrative. The darkness of the title is the major theme of the book, but the meaning of that darkness is never clearly defined. Darkness stands for the unknown and the unknowable, and darkness is Conrad's image for everything he most dreaded. "The Heart of Darkness" stands for many things such as, the interior of the jungle, The Doctor's own sick heart, and maybe the heart of every person. Why do you think that this book should or should not be on the reading list for English? I think that this book should be on the reading list even though that I thought personally that the book was extremely boring, drepressing and long. The author still managed to make very good points, good morals and meanings. I think this book is an example of a classic literature novel that tells a good sailor story, and I think the author (Joseph Conrad ) is known for his massive writing skills. Who would you recommend to read this book? If you're anything like me, you are not going to enjoy this book: but on the other hand, if you really like sailing and you like hearing a sailor tell an old sailing story, then this is the book is for you. If you are the type of kid that appreciates a journey that you learn something from, then you would like this book. If I was going to recommend this book to a male or a female, then I would recommend this book to a male because boys tend to like storires about the water and boats better than girls.

American States With the Highest Teenage Abortion Rates

American States With the Highest Teenage Abortion Rates In a nation where abortion remains legal despite ongoing legal and legislative debate, which states have the highest rates of teenage abortion? A 2010 report by the Guttmacher Institute compiled teenage pregnancy and abortion statistics in the United States. These state by state statistics show a dramatic decrease in some states while others moved up a little on the list. However, as a whole, the U.S. teenage pregnancy and abortion rates have declined dramatically in recent years. 10 States With the Highest Teen Abortion Rates The available 2010 data for abortions among women aged 15 to 19 is ranked by state. The rate reflects the number of abortions per thousand women in this age range.    Rank State Abortion Rate 1 New York 32 2 Delaware 28 3 New Jersey 24 4 Hawaii 23 5 Maryland 22 6 Connecticut 20 7 Nevada 20 8 California 19 9 Florida 19 10 Alaska 17 More Teen Pregnancy  Statistics and Analysis Overall, of the 614,410 teenage pregnancies reported in the U.S. during 2010, 157,450 ended in abortion and 89,280 in miscarriage. From 1988 to 2010, the abortion rate for teens dropped in every state with many seeing a 50 percent reduction or more. In 2010, 23 states reported an abortion rate in the single digits. Its also important to note that the majority of pregnancies and abortions involve 18- and 19-year-old women. The District of Columbia is the only place in the report with more abortions reported in the 15 to 17 range than in the older group. Yet, D.C. does not count in state rankings. The states with the lowest abortion rates in 2010 were South Dakota, Kansas, Kentucky, Oklahoma, Utah, Arkansas, Mississippi, Nebraska, and Texas. Each reported that fewer than 15 percent of teen pregnancies ended in abortion. However, that does not account for state residents who sought an abortion in neighboring states. Only three of the states above rank in the top ten states with the highest teenage pregnancy rates of young women age 15 to 19. They are Nevada (ranked seventh with 68 pregnancies per thousand); Delaware (ranked eighth with 67 pregnancies per thousand); Hawaii (ranked tenth with 65 pregnancies per thousand). The highest pregnancy rate in 2010 was in New Mexico, where 80 in every thousand teens became pregnant. This state ranks fourteenth in the abortion rate. Mississippi had the highest teenage birthrate, with 55 girls for every thousand. The Dramatic Decrease in Teenage Abortions According to this same report, in 2010, the teenage pregnancy rate dropped to a 30 year low (57.4 per thousand). It peaked in 1990 at 51 percent or 116.9 girls for every thousand. This is a significant decrease that has not gone unnoticed.   In a 2014  report also by the Guttmacher Institute, a 32 percent decrease was found in teenage abortions between 2008 and 2014. This follows the 40 percent decline in teenage pregnancies over this same period. There are many influences that are cited as causing this change. One is the fact that fewer teenagers are having sex in general. Among those teens that do have sex, there is an increased use in some form of contraception. The increase in sex education, as well as cultural influences, the media, and even the economy, are considered to have played a role as well. Source U.S. Teenage Pregnancy Statistics National and State Trends and Trends by Race and Ethnicity. 2010. Guttmacher Institute.

Nursing Knowledge Resources and Nursing Theory Essay

Nursing Knowledge Resources and Nursing Theory - Essay Example This makes them to collaborate with others and the conversations will be scientific when they work with the physicians. Generally it was observed that physicians are giving increased autonomy for the nurses, who follow evidence based practice. This results in willingness in increasing the accountability and professionalism. The research is capable of validating the care they provide when they use evidence based practice. The research on nurses has shown that they lack skills regarding the appraise of research literature. As a result they are not able to use the research findings. The concept of evidence based practice increased the nurses' professional skills. The aim of the research should be the awareness of the nurses about the EBN reports. If they are not, the system or organization should make them aware of them. The concept of evidence based nursing found to be more important among the nurses. Though this is the case a research by Christel Bahtsevani of Malmo University revealed that there are many nurses who do not have access to the literature regarding the access to the evidence based nursing practices.( Christel Bahtsevani RN, Azzam Khalaf MSc, Ania Willman RN, PhD 2005) The importance and benefit of the evidence based practice is that it answers the clinical questions due to the evidence it gathers. The skills of clinicians regarding the research can be developed, and this can give efficient access to the evidences. This results due to the collaboration with colleagues who can assist in getting to the evidence. Melnyk etal in 2004 and Pravikoff et al. in 2005 stated that the educators when consider the lack of searching skills in nurses, they have to adopt evidence based practice. (Sally Bennett, John W. Bennett, 2000) They need to collaborate with librarians, database creators, indexers and others to develop the basic skills needed in EBP. This results in fostering the need to find the mother lode of evidence to answers the clinical questions. This results in finding the best team, best equipment and the best techniques to get the results quickly. They can anticipate and embrace the challenges inherent in practice. (Ellen Fineout-Overholt RN, PhD, Sheila Hofstetter MLS, AHIP, Leslee Shell MLS, Linda Johnston RN, PhD 2005) 3. Nursing theories 3.1 Websites on Nursing: The http://www.fhs.mcmaster.ca/ceb/acts/ebcp.htm describes the evidence based nursing practice in the practical sense. It stress on the use of scientific literature to use evidence based nursing practice. It defines the clinical questions in a way the answers extraction will become easy. This enables the search for best information that enhances the evidence based practices in nursing. The clinical message should be extracted by the physician from the information. 3.1.1 In http://www.herts.ac.uk/lis/subjects/health/ebm.htm the definitions, references and conferences are available. The methodological filters and evidence based health web sources are there to explain the care of public health with health technology assessment. In this site the evidence based medicine health care is looked upon a new paradigm that is capable of replacing the traditional medicine practices. They are based on authority and EBM is based on scientific information. 3.1.2 In

Fundraising Skills - Writing a Fundraising Bid Essay

Fundraising Skills - Writing a Fundraising Bid - Essay Example These include planning requirements early in advance, having sound conceptual framework, including the aims and objectives of the program and generally seeing everything from the perspective of the funder among others. All these need to be in the bid. Communication is key when one is fundraising. This is because one has to present their needs to the funders eloquently and clearly. Diplomacy is also important since fundraising includes interactions with other people. Proper management skills are also necessary. This is of the time of the funders and the money allocated for the program. For one to be employed there is need for grasp of the content, ability to be part of a competent, diverse and empowered workforce, being able to manage funds and having great vision and sense of direction. Careers need to be managed by ensuring one performs his or her duties as well as advancing in the level of education. If one does all this, then their future is somehow assured to be successful. The Make Them Smile Charity Organization. We intend to grow big and strongly influence our society. Therefore, we are requesting for funds from you, The Big Lottery, so that we can achieve our desires. We are filling this application form stating our request. We have identified a need in the society requiring our services to fulfill and we shall attempt to convince you on our mission and vision. Cleft lip and palate are developmental defects of the upper lip and roof of the outer mouth present at birth. They may occur separately or in combination. Incomplete fusion of the developing lip or the incomplete fusion of the hard or soft palate causes them. All this happens during the prenatal stage of a child’s life. This condition causes feeding problems, ear infections or even hearing loss, speech problems and dental problems (Howard & Lohmander 2012, p.56) Although rectifying this is done through a simple

The Stranger, Albert Camus | Themes of Existentialism

The Stranger, Albert Camus | Themes of Existentialism Existentialism is often defined as a philosophical movement or tendency, emphasizing individual existence, freedom and choice. As a result of the diversity of positions associated with this term it is impossible to define precisely. As is evident through the root of the word, exist, there is a stress on definite individual existence and freedom of choice. Certain aspects of existentialism are witnessed in The Stranger. Existentialists attempt to direct our attention to ourselves as individuals. They force us to think about our relation to such topics as the existence and nature of God, what it is to be Christian, the nature of values, and the fact of ones own death. Man is the only known being, according to the philosophers, that defines itself merely through the act of living. In other words, first you exist, and then the individual emerges as life decisions are made. Many existentialists believe the greatest victory of the individual is to realize the absurdity of life and to accept it. Existentialism is liberating for those of us who do not rely on fate, God, or chance to guide us through the path of life. One aspect that is questionable is our ability to continuously reinvent ourselves through our actions. While this is possible, the majorities of people stick to old ways of doing things, or follow others blindly. Despite encompassing a staggering range of philosophical, religious, and political ideologies, the underlying concepts of existentialism are simple. Mankind has free will. Life is a series of choices. Few decisions are without any negative consequences. Some things are irrational or absurd, without explanation. If one makes a decision, he or she must follow through. The decisions you make are whom you are, so decide accordingly. In The Stranger Meursault embodies all of the six existential themes. The first existential theme is freedo m. Freedom means that whatever happened prior to now do not influence what your next choice in life will be, we are free to make any choice we want. Meursault displays Freedom by just doing as he wishes to do. In part one of the novel Maman dies so he attends the funeral, nothing out of the ordinary. While attending his mothers funeral, Meursault decides to smoke cigarettes, drink a cup of coffee, and he fails to show emotion. This just shows how Meursault is displaying his free will; he does not let the influence of his mother dying effect what he wants to do. The second and the third themes Meursault displays together. These themes are existence which is the awareness of our choices, and passion which are psychological feelings that we understand before thinking kicks in. Meursault displays both of these themes at the end of the novel. Meursault wants his life to be here and now, he is not concerned with the hereafter. Meursault wants the remembrance of his life. Through this thinking Meursault displays Existence and Passion. The fourth theme is contingency. It basically says that life is unpredictable, prone to chance happenin gs, also to the unexpected. Meursault displays this theme at the very end of part one of the novel. Meursault is so content with walking back down to the spring unaware that he is going to end up destroying his happiness by shooting the Arab. This is a very unpredictable event because Meursault is just so happy and content with the sun shining on him, then all of a sudden something unexpected happens and his happiness is gone. I knew that I had shattered the harmony of the day, the exceptional silence of a beach where Id been happy. The fifth theme is individuality. An individual is a single unique member of a collectivity. Meursault lives out his individuality. The strongest display of individuality is at the very end of the novel when Meursault wants a large crowd of people to witness his death, and he also wants them to greet him with cries, but those of hate. I had only wished that there be a large crowd of spectators the day of my execution and that they greet me with cries of hate. By being hated Meursault retains his individuality. If Meursault goes out there begging for forgiveness he would just become a member of a collectivity. The final theme is reflection. It refers to the capacity to bring that which we are unaware of into awareness. Meursault leads a pre-reflective life. He goes through his daily events and is so absorbed in each moment that he never reflects on them. Meursault does this until he looks at a reflection of himself for the first time in prison. Meursault looking at himself shows his transition from pre-reflective to reflective. He begins to become aware of what he was unaware of. The main theme in The Stranger is that life is absurd. Reason is incapable of explaining human nature. Meursaults absurd beliefs are that life is meaningless and without purpose. The meaninglessness implies absence of any obvious meaning to our life. This cannot be explained, because no one can explain someone elses sense of meaning or meaninglessness towards life . Camus The Stranger presents the character of Meursault who, after killing an Arab, is sentenced to death. This conflict portrays the stark contrast between the morals of society and Meursaults evident lack of them; he is condemned to death, less for the Arabs murder, than for refusing to conform to societys standards. The discussion of Meursaults responsibility takes place at the end of the novel. Meursaults execution symbolically brings forth emotion, as Meursault confronts his nothingness and the impossibility of justifying the immoral choices he has made, he realizes the pure contingency of his life, and that he has voided, in essence, his own existence by failing to accept the risk and responsibility that the personal freedom of an existentialist reality entails. Meursault never really takes responsibility for his actions, all Meursault does is wish that his life could go back to the way it used to be. Meursault is an anomaly in society; he cannot relate directly to others bec ause he does not live as they do. He cannot abide by the same moral confines as the rest of the world because he does not grasp them; he is largely indifferent to events occurring around him. Meursaults entire being is unemotional. He derives a certain level of pleasure from eating and drinking, smoking cigarettes, sitting on his balcony. Yet all these things are tactile; Meursault derives physical satisfaction from them, but there is no emotion attached. This is in direct contrast to society, whose strict guidelines focusing on right and wrong depend on an individuals sense of these concepts. Meursault is perfectly capable of analyzing the situation, but not of responding to it as society wishes him to. Life or death, and anything in between, makes no difference to him. Meursault sees the outcome as inevitable. He cannot perceive any right or wrong in killing the Arab. The action in itself was not out of deep hatred for the man but, as he reveals at the trial, because of the sun. The sun at the beach, similar to the sun at his mothers funeral, was beating down on him. The sun represents Meursault emotions, which he cannot deal with. Likewise, he cannot deal with the intense heat, the light reflected off the Arabs knife which seems to stab at him. Meursaults senses are being overwhelmed, and the only way to handle the situation is to end it so he fires the gun. The death of the Arab in itself is not crucial to Meursaults fate. Meursaults true undoing comes from his lack of emotion. At the beginning of the novel, Meursault sits at his mothers funeral, quietly analyzing det ails of the scene. The onlookers present do not understand him; in fact, they are afraid of him. The prosecutor says, I look into a mans face and all I see is a monster. What Meursault has realized, by the end of the book, is that any meaning he finds in life he must create. Meursault is the absurdist, explaining the philosophy of existentialism: Mans isolation among an indifferent universe. There is no inherent meaning in life its entire value lies in living itself. Meursault feels he has been happy, and longs to live. When he must die, he wants a crowd to greet him with cries of hate; they are screaming because they want life and the world to have meaning; they need this because that is what their entire existence is built upon. As the magistrate asked of Meursault, Do you want my life to be meaningless? Meursault understands how estranged the individual truly is from society. Until the conclusion, he was a stranger to himself as well as to the rest of the world. In the end, he o pens himself to the gentle indifference of the world, and finding it so much like myself, he feels he has been happy, and is again. Society finds this unacceptable, and by refusing to conform to its face-value standards, Meursault must die. Albert Camus believed that to be a true existentialist you had to remove yourself from society as much as possible since a belief in the foundation of government was to conform. Conforming to society norms is considered bad, it doesnt allow the individual to progress and reach his own decisions Camus realized, however, that restricting himself from all social conformity was impossible. Camus depicts a man with very little emotion. Once in a while he shows a bit of heart, but for the most part, he gives a robotic appearance. The character expresses no feeling about anything except that light is a sign of evil or annoyance, while the dark becomes a place of calm and seriousness. In society, the common idea is that light is good and evil grows in the darkest of places, but in Albert Camus novel, evil is good and the light is bad. In The Stranger, Albert Camus uses Mersault and his experiences to convey the philosophy that man is full of anxiety and despair with no meaning in his life ex cept for simple existence. The concept of existentialism is reflected through Mersaults experiences with his mothers death, his relationship with Marie, the killing of the Arab, and his own trial and execution. Camus uses the death of Mersaults mother to convey his existentialistic philosophy. He seems more concerned about the time of death, and not the fact that he just lost a loved one. It also conveys the existentialist idea that reason is powerless to the idea with the depths of human life. Furthermore, Mersault shows no compassion at his mothers funeral either. He does not cry or behave the way that society expects him to. This leaves the impression that Mersault is insensitive, or that he did not love his mother. As an existentialist, he accepts life as it is without seeking deeper meaning. Mersaults murder of the Arab is another example of existentialism. The absurdity of the murder is what makes it a good portrayal of the concept of existentialism. This part of the novel sho ws how Mersault is not only a stranger to his experiences in life, but also to nature. For the first time, the sun and his sensual pleasures begin to act against him, and cause him to lose control. Most of Mersaults actions have no true conscious motives. Mersault shoots the Arab because of his physical discomfort with his surroundings, but in any case he consciously makes the decision to shoot the Arab. When he is taken into police custody and is asked if he would need an attorney, he is genuinely confused. It is simple to him: he murdered a man and is now ready to face the consequences. The second half of the book begins after Meursault is put in jail and is awaiting his trial. Rather than being on trial for the crime, he is on trial for his values, like the lack of grievance of his mothers death. Meursault is found guilty and he is convicted and sentenced because of his lack of moral feeling. While awaiting his execution, he thinks about how his life has no meaning besides just living and how death does not scare him. He realizes that life is meaningless and the world is irrational. This suddenly makes him happy and he accepts his death. There are numerous meanings to the title, The Stranger, one is that if you live a life different than what society accepts, then you are a stranger; an outcast, and will be punished by the rest of society. In other words, the title means that Meursault is a stranger to society. Nothing discussed in the trial had anything to do with the murder. It was all about the way he acted and how different he was. This was used to prove that p eople who are different are judged by their character over their actions. Also, most of the society was Christian in the book and held Christian values. They believed in an afterlife and a heaven while Meursault did not, since he was an atheist. Since society does not understand him, they cannot know him and therefore hes a stranger. Another meaning of the title is that he is also a stranger to himself. He did not make any personal connections to the things he has done, only indifferent observations. He seemed unaffected by his mothers death, the killing of the Arab, and his trial. Being a stranger to himself leads to the final meaning, which is a stranger to life. At the end of the novel Meursault is able to understand the meaning of life. He was able to do so because he was approaching death, which is an existentialist principle; death is the one certainty of life. Before, when his mother died or when he killed the Arab, he did not have any feelings. When he thought about his own life and that he was about to die, he accepted it. He realizes that one can truly enjoy their lives when they approach and accept death. The understanding of this allowed Meursault to be at peace with himself. Albert Camuss philosophy in the novel can be related to the philosophy of existentialism, which stresses that the individual is solely responsible for the choices they make, there is no predetermination and there is no supreme being who decides morality. This philosophy is extended with the philosophy of the absurd, which states that human beings live an essential isolation in a meaningless and irrational world and people being able to accept that everything cannot be controlled in your environment, which is how Meursault live his life. In existentialism, you believe that there are some things that cannot be rationally explained and just happen out of your control. The Stranger was an unusually good book, which made me think. A majority of the book made me feel like the rest o f society, which was not accepting Meursaults behavior. However, the ending changed all of that and further analyzing gave me the real reasons for his actions. When I started reading the book for the first time I jumped in right away and didnt want to close it because I never read anything like it. I had to go back a few times to re-read it to understand it better and every time I re-read it, I got a different message. Meursault was an interesting character to read about. His ideas and beliefs seem wrong but are very right. I was able to understand what Albert Camus was trying to say with his philosophy. In fact, I have never heard of existentialism or absurd philosophy until I researched the author to see what he wanted to tell us. Meursault is able to accept the fact that everyone dies and realizing this allows you to live a better life. He lives a life that he controls and accepts all his actions that he does. I cant say that I understand everything about him, like how he uses Marie for sexual reasons even if she tells him her love and commitment to him. Nonetheless, this character had the most interesting conflicts that kept me reading. I do feel, however, that the second part dragged on and got a bit dull. The first half of the book was filled with action and there were no direct reasons given for certain actions. In the second half, it is mainly of his self-realization about society and life, which I feel, could have been approached another way by the author, like being shortened. I would recommend this book to anyone who enjoys thinking after reading a book or even coming to his or her own realization like Meursault. Work Cited Andrew Irvine, Basic Themes of existentialism, http://people.bu.edu/wwildman/WeirdWildWeb/courses/wphil/lectures/wphil_theme20.htm Crowell, Steven, Existentialism, The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Winter 2010 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.), URL = http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/win2010/entries/existentialism/ Existentialism Philosophy: Discussion of Existentialist Quotes, Jean Paul Sartre, Simone de Beauvoir, Albert Camus http://www.spaceandmotion.com/Philosophy-Existentialism.htm/ New World Encyclopedia, Existentialism http://HYPERLINK http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Existentialism/www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/HYPERLINK http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Existentialism/Existentialism/ Solomon, Robert C. Wyatt, C. S. (1999). Existentialists: a primer to existentialism http://www.tameri.com/csw/exist/exist.html